Walter Hamilton walked up Lake Street on the morning of May twentieth, 1952, in a clean white cook’s coat folded over his arm and a pair of black leather shoes wrapped in a brown paper sack under his elbow, on his way to the kitchen door of the New China Club for the third day of its opening week.

He was thirty-two. He had grown up in his mother Eliza’s house on Bell Street in the Powning Addition, had enlisted in the Army in 1942 the week after he turned twenty-two, had served three years in a quartermaster unit in the European theater cooking for two hundred men a meal, and had been discharged at Camp Beale in California in November of 1945. He had come back to Reno with the expectation that the casino kitchens that had hired Black porters and bus boys before the war would, after the war and the long honorable service of the men who had fought it, hire Black cooks. He had been wrong. He had cooked, in the seven years since his discharge, in the kitchen of a ranch house in Washoe Valley, in the kitchen of the Bethel AME church basement for the church suppers, and in the kitchen of a private home on the Bluff where he had been the only employee and where the family had been kind. He had not cooked in a casino.

The New China Club stood at the corner of Lake and Commercial Row. It was a long single-story brick building with a low pitched roof and a marquee that read NEW CHINA CLUB in red electric letters over the front entrance, and the building had been a Chinese restaurant before it had been a casino, and before that it had been a laundry, and before that it had been a feed store. Bill Fong had bought the building the previous summer. He had spent eight months remodeling. He had opened on Saturday the seventeenth, and the opening had drawn a crowd that was, as far as Walter knew, the first casino crowd in Reno that had walked through the front door of a casino without anyone counting whose skin was what color.

Walter went around to the kitchen door on the alley.

The door was propped open with a brick. The smell of garlic and pork stock and steaming rice came out of the door and met him in the alley before he had crossed the threshold. He stepped inside. The kitchen was already moving. Two Chinese cooks were at the stoves, one stirring a deep pot, the other working a wok over a high blue flame. A woman at the long sink was washing greens. The kitchen manager, a man in his forties named Henry Wong, looked up from the order board.

“Walter.”

“Henry.”

“Get changed. Mr. Fong is in his office. He would like to see you before service.”

“Yes sir.”

Walter changed in the small back room, hung his street clothes on the hook, put on the white coat and the black leather shoes, and tied a clean apron over the coat. He went up the short corridor to the office.

The office door was open. Bill Fong was at his desk, a small neat desk with a green-shaded lamp on it and a calendar on the wall behind, signing a stack of supplier checks. He was a slight man in his forties, in a dark suit with a white shirt and no tie, with his sleeves rolled to the elbow because the room was warm. He looked up.

“Walter.”

“Mr. Fong.”

“Sit.”

Walter sat. Mr. Fong finished the check he was signing. He blotted it. He set the pen down.

“The first two nights.”

“Yes sir.”

“The reports from the floor are that the kitchen ran clean.”

“Henry runs a clean kitchen.”

“Henry says you run a clean station.”

“Yes sir.”

“The braised short ribs.”

“Yes sir.”

“There were three orders Sunday night and seventeen orders Monday night. By Friday I expect it will be forty. I am not putting it on the menu as a special. I am putting it on the menu.”

“Yes sir.”

“Are you all right with the volume.”

“Yes sir.”

Mr. Fong looked at him for a moment.

“Walter.”

“Yes sir.”

“I want to say one thing to you and I do not want to say it again. I hired you for the kitchen. I did not hire you for the floor. The floor is taking care of itself, and the floor will not be your concern. When you are on shift you are a cook in my kitchen and you are accountable to Henry, and what happens at the tables and at the dice pit is none of your business and none of mine and is the customers’ business. Do you follow me.”

“I follow you, sir.”

“I have a notion the next few months will be talked about in this town for a long time. I do not want anyone in this kitchen distracted by the talk. Cook the food. Henry will do the rest.”

“Yes sir.”

“Go.”

Walter went back to the kitchen. He took his station at the second stove. Henry set a stack of order tickets at his elbow without a word. He read the first ticket. He pulled a sauté pan off the shelf. He lit the burner.

The lunch service began at eleven.

By twelve thirty he had cooked sixty-three plates. He cooked steadily, in the way he had cooked at the quartermaster mess, with the small economical movements of a man who had been doing this for a long time and who did not, while he was doing it, think about anything other than the next plate. He plated a short rib and slid it under the heat lamp. He turned and started the next. He heard, behind him, a man’s voice in the dining room, raised in laughter, and another man’s voice answering it, and the laughter came back. He did not turn to look. He plated a second short rib.

At two o’clock the lunch service ended. Henry came past his station with a tray of bowls. He set one of the bowls on Walter’s station counter.

“Eat,” Henry said. “Family meal in ten minutes. Mr. Fong eats with us today.”

Walter wiped his hands on the apron. He picked up the bowl. He stood at his station and ate the noodles and the broth and the small pieces of pork the kitchen had cooked for itself. The two Chinese cooks were eating at the prep counter. The woman who had been washing the greens was eating at the sink. Henry was eating at the order board.

Bill Fong came into the kitchen with a bowl of his own. He took a stool by the back door. He ate without ceremony. He nodded to each of them as they finished and put their bowls in the wash sink. He did not speak.

At two-forty-five the dinner prep began. Walter put down his bowl. He washed his hands. He took up the knife. He began to break down the next case of short ribs.

He thought, for one moment, about his mother Eliza in the house on Bell Street and about what she had said at the kitchen table the night after he had taken the job.

She had said: “You are the first.”

He had not known how to answer her then. He did not know how to answer her now. He cut into the short rib.

He worked the knife.


The New China Club opened at the corner of Lake Street and Commercial Row in Reno in May 1952 under the ownership of William “Bill” Fong, a Chinese-American businessman who had previously operated restaurants in northern Nevada. It was the first casino in Reno to operate without a racial color line at the gaming tables. The club drew Black, Chinese, and white customers in roughly equal numbers through the 1950s and early 1960s and was, by all contemporary accounts, the only fully integrated casino in the city during that period. Bill Fong later co-sponsored the 1962 Joe Louis golf tournament at Washoe Country Club. The building was eventually demolished as part of the expansion of Harrah’s in 1973. The Hamilton-Westbrook family is fictional; Bill Fong is named accurately and observed only.